A Review of Asian and African Elephant Gastrointestinal Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology
Elephant Gastrointestinal Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology
Keywords:
African elephant, Asian elephant, Elephas maximus, gastrointestinal, Loxodonta africana, nutrition, pathology, pharmacology, physiology
Abstract
Elephants are susceptible to a variety of gastrointestinal problems. Knowledge of elephant nutrition and gastrointestinal anatomy, physiology, and pharmacology is essential for successful treatment, especially because diagnostic options are limited. The horse is considered the most appropriate model for extrapolation to the elephant. While similarities do exist, elephant-specific information is needed, especially in the areas of nutritional requirements. This review seeks to present the current state of knowledge regarding the elephant gastrointestinal system and encourage research in those areas where information is questionable or lacking.
Published
2019-01-31
Issue
Section
Review Articles
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